Expression of cholera toxin B subunit Biology essay
In many developing countries, cholera is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, and therefore represents a major public health problem in the world today. and B-CTB subunits combined in a holotoxin; Cholera toxin subunit B CTb was introduced as a retrograde tracer, Stoeckel et al. 1977, Vercelli et al. 2000. Trojanowski et al. 1981, 1982 subsequently attempted to improve the sensitivity of HRP using CTb-HRP conjugates, and found that when the number and details of labeled neurons were compared, CTb-HRP significantly eliminated the homopentamer binding of the cholera toxin B subunit to GM. Alisson-Silva F et al. Evolutionary loss of epithelial Neu5Gc expression and species-specific susceptibility to cholera. PLoS pathog. Wang T, Kelly C and Lencer W 2021 Cholera toxin as a probe for membrane biology, toxins, cholera toxin B subunit CTB is a mucosal immunomodulatory protein that induces robust mucosal and systemic antibody responses. This known biological activity has been exploited for decades in the prevention of cholera as part of the Dukoral vaccine and vaccine development. On the other hand, several studies have done this. Cholera toxin B subunit CTB is a non-toxic component of cholera holotoxin, the virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae Baldauf et al. 2015 The subunit non-covalently assembles into a homopentamer structure, which allows high-affinity interaction with the receptor GM1 -ganglioside present on the surface of Background: Cholera toxin B subunit CTB has been extensively considered as an immunogenic and adjuvant protein, but the yield of expression has not been satisfactory in many studies. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of natural and mutant recombinant CTB rCTB in pQE vector. Methods: ctxB fragment from Vibrio. To increase the expression level of cholera toxin B subunit CTB in lettuce plants, the synthetic CTB-sCTB gene based on the optimized codon usage was fused with an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal, KDEL. The sCTB gene was introduced into a plant expression vector and transformed into lettuce plants using Agrobacterium-mediated Cholera toxin B subunit. CTB is a potent immunomodulator that can be used in the development of mucosal vaccines and immunotherapeutic agents. To aid in the characterization of pleiotropic biological functions of. 1 Introduction. Dengue is a common viral infection spread by Aedes mosquitoes and transmitted to humans. It is a global problem that threatens half of the world's population. 1. million cases of dengue infection estimated, 2. Dengue is endemic in many tropical and subtropical areas with large outbreaks. Transgenic potatoes have been engineered to synthesize a cholera toxin B subunit CTB pentamer with affinity for GM1 ganglioside. Both serum and intestinal CTB-specific antibodies were induced. Cholera is an acute infection of the intestines caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacteria. This bacterium, a member of the Vibrionaceae family, is a facultative anaerobic, gram-negative, non-spore-forming curved rod. 4-2.6 m long and capable of both respiratory and fermentative metabolism. Cholera, characterized by numerous, INTRODUCTION. Cholera toxin CT is an enterotoxin produced by Vibrio cholerae and consists of a toxic A subunit noncovalently linked to a pentameric B subunit CTB, which is required for binding to cell surface monosialogangliosides and facilitating toxin entry . The holotoxin represents the most potent mucosal adjuvant in animals,