Geopolitics of the Global Illicit Drug Trade Criminology Essay
How geopolitics has blurred the boundaries between criminal enterprises and the stateAbstract. The study of the relationship between illegal drugs and state formation opens new avenues for empirical research into the modalities of sovereignty. This article examines the process of state formation in northern Burma, a highland region notorious for decades for illicit drugs, by examining how the drug trade greases the economy. Abstract. It was only in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries that the drug trade acquired a truly global character, and drugs became part of everyday fun. This chapter draws connections between regional cultures of healing, drug cultivation and new forms of consumption and the larger cultural, socio-economic and medical consequences of drugs. The different stages of drug trafficking must be studied separately to determine how they are articulated. There is a cocaine trade, one for marijuana and another for heroin, each with its own characteristics and clear market organization, although some actors may deal in more than one substance and their modus operandi may coincide. Bouchard M. 2007. On the resilience of illicit drug markets. Global Crime, 8. The importance of culture for cannabis markets towards an economic sociology of illicit drug markets. British Journal of Criminology, 52, 1133. Morselli C. 2014. Co-offending networks in the Italian illicit drug trade. Crime, Law and. Demonstrates the trade-offs social groups make when deciding legality, the uncertain impact of legal changes, and people's unwillingness to accept the risks inherent in change. Mares, David R. Drug Wars and Coffeehouses: The Political Economy of the International Drug Trade. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press, 2006. The drug trade has become one of the world's most important industries, with devastating consequences around the world. The illegal substances market is one of the most prominent and most lucrative of these businesses. The global drug trade, which is estimated to be worth more than every year, has been going on for more than forty years. Jenner, 2011. International politics and import diversification. S. Mityakov Heiwai Tang K. Tsui. Political Science, Economics. The journal for law and economics. 2013. This article examines how international politics affects trade in the absence of empires or wars. We first show that relations between the United States and another country are deteriorating. The chapter then examines the rapid transformation of drug politics after World War II, under the auspices of the United Nations, into the modern era of international drug control. This led to the foundation of the global drug prohibition regime, the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, and the modern UN institutions surrounding it. Intense drug trafficking with powerful traffickers also has detrimental effects on the country's law enforcement and justice systems. As the illegal economy expands, investigations continue. This essay discusses many of the less well-considered consequences of the war on drugs, particularly those for developing countries, and weighs these against the existing evidence on the likely effectiveness of current strategies to curb drug use and trafficking. The main unintended consequences of drug prohibition are as follows.