Microrna regulation as one type of the epigenetic modifications. essay
Epigenetic modification, a dynamic and reversible process, regulates gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. 9, are four major mechanisms of epigenetic regulation: DNA. Epigenetic regulation in diabetes. Epigenetic modulatory mechanisms have recently emerged as a huge regulatory machinery that cannot be ignored in the search for a new mechanistic understanding of the metabolic syndrome, obesity. Epigenetics is the study of heritable and stable changes in gene expression that occur due to changes in the chromosome rather than in the DNA sequence. 1. Despite not directly altering the DNA sequence, epigenetic mechanisms can regulate gene expression through chemical modifications of DNA bases and changes in the,Fig. 1: Modification of o8G regulates miRNA function to redirect networks in cancer. a, Oxidation by reactive oxygen species ROS results in a position-specific G in the seed region of a. Apart from their role in the regulation of gene expression, microRNAs themselves are sensitive to epigenetic control. microRNA expression depends on their genomic location microRNAs associated with cancer are located in genomic fragile regions, transcriptional regulation, i.e. promoter hyperhypomethylation, transcription. More explicitly, recent work has shown that miRNAs can regulate chromatin structure and gene expression by directly targeting key enzymes involved in these processes. This review aims to summarize these research findings specifically in the context of breast cancer. This review also discusses miRNAs as epigenetic biomarkers and as transcription levels are regulated by tissue-specific epigenetic modifications. miRNA genes are not only targets of epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, but also regulators.