Animal models of human behavior and mental disorders essay
Background Animal models of human behavioral deficits involve conducting experiments on animals in the hope of gaining new knowledge that can be applied to humans. This article aims to address risks, biases, and misconceptions associated with drawing conclusions when conducting experiments on animals, with an emphasis on animals. how animal models can best be used to understand and treat the processes that go wrong in mental disorders. Keywords: Mental Health Research Domain Criteria, Major Depressive Disorder MDD is a debilitating mental illness with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the growing body of research that has emerged, the precise underlying mechanisms of MDD remain unknown. When studying MDD, tissue samples such as peripheral blood or post-mortem brain samples are used. To contribute to this understanding, significant efforts have been made to develop translational animal models that capture key behavioral features of addiction based on DSM of substance use. disorders. In this review, we summarize empirical evidence for the occurrence of addictive behavior in animals. Depression is apparently the most common psychiatric illness among mood disorders in the adult population. The etiology and pathogenesis of depression are still poorly understood. Therefore, as for most human diseases, animal models can help us understand the pathogenesis of depression and, importantly, the so-called “activity-based anorexia” ABA model currently represents the best known and validated animal model of AN. The ABA model, generated by Routtenberg and Kuznesof, reproduces key aspects of human AN, specifically hyperactivity, reduced food intake and significant weight loss. Creating adequate animal models of complex neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia represents a particularly difficult challenge. In the case of schizophrenia, there is little certainty about the etiology or pathophysiology of the disease in humans. In addition, many symptoms of the disorder are difficult to measure directly in AO1, Description: Summarize the key principles of the behavioral approach before learning how it relates specifically to explaining phobias. The behavioral approach to explaining phobias. The two-process model. As part of the two-process model, Classical Conditioning is used to explain the onset of the phobia. Due to the comprehensive nature of the triarchic model, this research develops a deeper understanding not only of psychopathy, but also of human mental illness as a whole. By studying chimpanzees based on the triarchic model, scientists have been able to discover more about the similarities in psychopathic tendencies between humans, Crucial Concepts in Human Development. In explaining development, Staats assigns an important role to classical and operant conditioning, but he argues that complex human behavior is best understood in terms of behavioral repertoires and cumulative learning. According to Staats, these two processes are unique to humans. of behavioral disorders, numerous examples of the reciprocity between human and animal research already exist, but as discussed later in this review, refinement of the way we approach disease-related phenotypes, combined with more subtle genetic techniques, would help strengthen this translational interplay . .Abstract. Animal models should only be seen as generating hypotheses about human behavior, as differences exist between them,.