Dengue pathogenesis and immunity biology essay
Understanding the biology and immunopathogenesis of Chikungunya virus infection for diagnostics and vaccine development. Mohamad S. Hakim. dengue and chikungunya fever were often misdiagnosed, despite the fact that the clinical symptoms are distinguishable based on differences in the onset and sequelae of the disease. Alan Rothman describes the types of immune response associated with protection and pathology during dengue virus infection. Although virus-specific antibodies provide protection. The identification of a dengue host response in serum can increase the understanding of dengue pathogenesis, as most dengue NS tests have been developed and evaluated in serum samples. Author's summary Mosquitoes inject saliva into the skin as they search for blood vessels. Saliva facilitates blood flow and can contain pathogens if the mosquito is infected. In tropical regions, Aedes mosquitoes transmit the four serotypes of the dengue virus DENV1-4, infecting millions of people annually. DENV causes severe, Dengue is the most common emerging mosquito-borne viral disease, affecting a larger proportion of the human population worldwide. Many symptomatic dengue virus DENV infections result in a relatively benign disease course known as dengue fever DF. However, a small proportion of patients develop severe clinical manifestations, Abstract. The development of a convincing mouse model of dengue virus DENV infection has been challenging because clinical isolates of DENV do not readily replicate or cause pathology in immunocompetent mice. However, research using immunocompromised mice and/or mouse-adapted viruses allows research into Introduction. Dengue virus DENV belongs to the Flaviviridae family, which includes more important human pathogens that mainly affect intertropical regions. people live 1. It is an arboviral disease usually transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes, especially those of the genus Aedes. This review aims to summarize the complex interaction between DENV and the host cellular machinery, consisting of regulatory mechanisms at different molecular levels such as epigenetic modulation of the host genome, transcription of host genes, translation of viral and host mRNAs, post- transcriptional regulation of the host transcriptome, post. Dengue viruses are transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. A person can become infected with dengue several times in his life. Every year, a million people are infected with the dengue virus. What it is. Dengue is a viral disease caused by one of four related viruses: dengue, 3. Dengue virus DENV is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus endemic to many tropical and subtropical countries where the transmission vectors are Aedes spp. mosquitoes reside. There are four serotypes of the virus. Each serotype is antigenically different, meaning that they elicit heterologous antibodies. Infection with one serotype, a complex interaction between virulence factors, host genes and host immune system will be considered responsible for dengue virus-DENV infection and disease progression. The generation of autoantibodies during DENV infection is an important phenomenon involved in the pathophysiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue. Significant gaps remain in the comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of dengue virus DENV infections. To a large extent, this limitation is related to the lack of a suitable animal model for the disease. 1 Rhesus monkeys develop RNAemia and viremia similar to a pattern seen in humans after DENV challenge, but,