Clinical overview of asthma biology essay
1 Introduction. Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases. one million people were affected by asthma. died due to the disease The prevalence of asthma in European children is estimated at: Severe asthma, although difficult to define, includes all cases of difficult treatment-resistant diseases of all age groups and is responsible for the majority of asthma morbidity and mortality. Acute, severe respiratory failure due to severe asthma is a potentially reversible, life-threatening condition. Poor results in this setting are often a result of gas trap development. This condition can occur in any mechanically ventilated patient, but patients with severe airflow limitations are predisposed to it. It is important that physicians, Abstract. Respiratory failure due to severe asthma is a potentially reversible, life-threatening condition. Poor results in this setting are often a result of gas trap development. This condition can occur in any mechanically ventilated patient, but patients with severe airflow restriction are predisposed to it. Here we summarize recent insights into asthma biology, focusing on human cell or tissue studies published over the years. The studies are organized thematically to draw connections and stimulate future research in the areas of genetics and epigenetics, prenatal and early life origins, microbiome, immune and immune diseases. The asthma phenotypes identified varied depending on sample characteristics, variables included in the model, and data availability. Overall, the most common phenotypes were related to atopy, sex, and severe disease. This review shows a large variability of asthma phenotypes derived from data-driven methods. Introduction. Asthma is a common chronic condition that affects an estimated one million people. 2. Despite major advances in the management of asthma and the availability of both national and state guidelines, asthma continues to pose a significant burden both directly and indirectly. It is estimated that severe asthma is defined as asthma requiring treatment with high dose inhaled corticosteroids ≥ 1,000 µg fluticasone propionate or equivalent plus a second treatment and/or systemic corticosteroids to prevent it from becoming 'uncontrolled', or as asthma that remains 'uncontrolled' despite This therapy. Basically, the immune system has two lines of defense: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the first immunological, non-specific antigen-independent mechanism for. For years, the NHLBI Severe Asthma Research Program SARP has transformed our knowledge of severe asthma. Research supported by the program has identified passive smoking, pneumonia and obesity as major risk factors for asthma. Studies have also found genetic variations associated with severe asthma and related to the pathophysiology, diagnosis and appropriate treatment of asthma. Definition. Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease. the respiratory tract. The chronic inflammation is. The concept of asthma phenotypes is rapidly evolving from one that focused on clinical features to one that links the underlying biology to the phenotype. There is strong evidence to support a.