Private supplementary tutoring essay
Despite the fact that in some parts of the world private supplementary education is a huge industry with far-reaching economic, social and educational implications, this topic has been neglected. But private supplementary education is not just an East Asian phenomenon. It has also expanded remarkably in Europe, for example. The update of the report for the European Commission showed that shadow education is becoming increasingly visible, including in Scandinavian countries where it was previously negligible. England and Wales, The book provides the first insight into the scope, nature and implications of private tutoring in Central Asia. It also identifies challenges faced by education stakeholders and policy makers. Private supplementary tutoring is a widespread phenomenon. The essay concludes with comments on the implications for the comparative analysis of both schooling and supplementary education. South Korea is a particularly prominent example here: total household expenditure on supplementary education in the country was estimated at one billion dollars. 8 of GDP Kim amp Lee, 2010. 1. Introduction. In recent decades there has been a global expansion of supplementary tutoring outside of formal education Bray, 2017, Park et al. 2016. Families around the world are increasingly investing time and money in tutoring after school, in the hope that the additional investment will give their children a head start. On the other hand, additional private tutoring helps students to understand the subject. matter, provide other support and increase and improve students' self-confidence. Cambodia is generally known as a country with a long history, exemplified by the temple of Angkor Wat, which suffered greatly over the years under the Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot, and which has since developed with remarkable, albeit unstable developed speed as a member of the Khmer Rouge. The inequality in education caused by the parentocracy is illustrated in private supplementary tutoring. Although private supplementary education is more widespread in societies where examinations require high stakes, it is becoming increasingly visible in other countries due to parentocracy. Tutoring is used by upper and middle class parents