Ultrasound-guided dilation of the balloon canal in percutaneous nephrolithotomy essay
The tip of the French dilator is based on the location where the thread image disappears as the dilator advances. The tip of the balloon dilator is visualized on ultrasound reaching the appropriate depth just within the collecting system, after which inflation of the balloon results in complete dilation of the canal. 1 Introduction. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy PCNL is a procedure commonly performed by urologists around the world. Since its initial introduction by Fernstr.m and Johansson, it has become the main surgical treatment for kidney stones of larger centimeters and kidney stones refractory to shockwave therapy. Nevertheless, percutaneous access to the kidney was described years ago, but it was not the case that Fernstr. Johansson first reported the use of a percutaneous channel specifically for stone removal. Subsequently, the technique of percutaneous nephrolithotomy PCNL has continued to evolve worldwide, and it is now the conclusion: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe and effective treatment regimen, which offers several advantages, such as real-time monitoring of the surgical process, more . Goal. Comparing balloon with Amplatz for canal dilation in fully ultrasound-guided PCNL UPCN. Methods. We patients are eligible for ultrasound-guided PCNL in the flank position in two study groups. In the first group we used the single-step Amplatz dilation AG technique where -, in addition to puncture of the renal parenchyma, dilation of the percutaneous tract is one of the most critical steps of PCNL. The success of these two steps has a major influence on the duration of the operation, the total fluoroscopy time, the rate of bleeding complications, perforation of the renal collecting system, urinary leakage, and injury to adjacent organs. INTRODUCTION. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy PCNL is the treatment of choice for staghorn stones and large kidney stones. Traditionally this is guided by fluoroscopy and may pose a risk of radiation to the patient and staff, especially in a high workload center1,2. The use of ultrasound at PCNL was already introduced in s