Exposing the Human Gut Microbiome to the Western Diet Obesity Biology Essay
The gut microbiota GM is defined as the community of microorganisms, bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses that colonize the gastrointestinal tract. GM regulates several metabolic pathways in the host, including those involved in energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and bile acid metabolism. The relationship between changes in the gut microbiome plays an important role in human health, influencing the development of chronic diseases ranging from metabolic diseases to gastrointestinal disorders and colorectal cancer. These conditions are becoming increasingly common in Western societies and entail a high healthcare burden. Dietary patterns and environmental factors have a strong influence on the composition of the intestinal flora. The Western diet, characterized by low fiber and higher fat content, has a strong influence on the composition of the intestinal microbiota. A sedentary lifestyle and higher food consumption combined with widespread polygenetic susceptibility are among the main causes of the obesity epidemic. Introduction to gut microbiota and diseases. The gut microbiome has recently been implicated in a wide range of chronic diseases, ranging from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), T2D diabetes and cardiovascular disease to colorectal cancer. of lifestyle-related diseases in Asia has recently become remarkably serious. This has been associated with a change in dietary habits that may alter the complex gut microbiota and its metabolic function in Asian people. In particular, the penetration of modern Western diets in Asia, which has been associated with obesity during childhood and adolescence, has been associated with cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome in later life, and has become a major public health problem worldwide. Human Gut Microbiome, Highly Involved In the host, calorie harvest and energy homeostasis are increasingly recognized as an important factor. A biome is a distinct ecosystem characterized by its environment and its inhabitants. Your intestines in your intestines are essentially a miniature biome, populated by trillions of microscopic organisms. These microorganisms include more than a thousand species of bacteria, as well as viruses, fungi and parasites. Your gut microbiome is unique to you.2.1. Carbohydrate. Given that all dietary fiber is by definition indigestible by human saccharolytic enzymes, its fate is primarily fermentation in the colon, if resistant to fermentation, as in the case of lignified plant material, fecal excretion. Fiber is a dietary component with a significant impact on the microbiota and its metabolism. 48. It has been suggested that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the occurrence of chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, IBD, obesity and a high-fat, high-sugar Western diet has been shown to promote a shift in the composition of the gut microbiota towards large numbers. Clostridia and significant reduction, Introduction. It is well known that obesity is a result of contributing factors, including hereditary, metabolic, behavioral and environmental factors. The gut microbiota is considered one of the most important environmental factors identified in obesity and metabolic disorders. The main cause of the development of a specific microbial signature associated with the diagnosis of obesity remains unidentified. The most common finding of gut microbiota composition is a reduction in numbers,